[Pgpool-general] Which is the limit of connections managed by pgpool???
Xavier Noguer
xnoguer at antica.cl
Tue Dec 29 17:08:52 UTC 2009
I think the number of total connections is num_init_children *
max_pool. In your case that is 60 * 4 = 240 connections.
I also see that you have max_connections = 128 in your postgres
configuration, which means your backend will not allow 240 connections
to be opened to it and pgpool might freeze while trying to open them.
You should probably be able get more information by looking at the
pgpool log.
Ragards
On Tue, 2009-12-29 at 10:48 -0600, erobles wrote:
> I tried with 70-90 connections, because we have a system running on
> 2 pc's, but pgpool looks stuck.
>
> I will be too graceful if you can help me to know the right setup in
> pgpool.conf to avoid that.
>
> Next, i show you my actual settings :
>
> num_init_children = 60
>
> max_pool = 4
>
> child_life_time = 60
>
> connection_life_time = 60
>
> child_max_connections = 100
>
> client_idle_limit = 0
>
> if you need more detail, the file pgpool.conf, postgres.conf and the
> script to execute postgres are attached.
>
> By the way, the operative system is SCO Open Server 5.0.7
>
>
> plain text document attachment (pgpool.conf)
> #
> # pgpool-II configuration file sample
> # $Header: /cvsroot/pgpool/pgpool-II/pgpool.conf.sample,v 1.29 2009/12/06 08:46:34 t-ishii Exp $
>
> # Host name or IP address to listen on: '*' for all, '' for no TCP/IP
> # connections
> listen_addresses = '*'
>
> # Port number for pgpool
> port = 5432
>
> # Port number for pgpool communication manager
> pcp_port = 9898
>
> # Unix domain socket path. (The Debian package defaults to
> # /var/run/postgresql.)
> socket_dir = '/tmp'
>
> # Unix domain socket path for pgpool communication manager.
> # (Debian package defaults to /var/run/postgresql)
> pcp_socket_dir = '/tmp'
>
> # Unix domain socket path for the backend. Debian package defaults to /var/run/postgresql!
> backend_socket_dir = '/tmp'
>
> # pgpool communication manager timeout. 0 means no timeout, but strongly not recommended!
> pcp_timeout = 10
>
> # number of pre-forked child process
> num_init_children = 60
>
> # Number of connection pools allowed for a child process
> max_pool = 4
>
> # If idle for this many seconds, child exits. 0 means no timeout.
> child_life_time = 60
>
> # If idle for this many seconds, connection to PostgreSQL closes.
> # 0 means no timeout.
> connection_life_time = 60
>
> # If child_max_connections connections were received, child exits.
> # 0 means no exit.
> child_max_connections = 100
>
> # If client_idle_limit is n (n > 0), the client is forced to be
> # disconnected whenever after n seconds idle (even inside an explicit
> # transactions!)
> # 0 means no disconnect.
> client_idle_limit = 0
>
> # Maximum time in seconds to complete client authentication.
> # 0 means no timeout.
> authentication_timeout = 60
>
> # Logging directory
> logdir = '/tmp'
>
> # pid file name
> pid_file_name = '/var/run/pgpool/pgpool.pid'
>
> # Replication mode
> replication_mode = true
>
> # Load balancing mode, i.e., all SELECTs are load balanced.
> # This is ignored if replication_mode is false.
> load_balance_mode = true
>
> # if there's a data mismatch between master and secondary
> # start degeneration to stop replication mode
> replication_stop_on_mismatch = false
>
> # If true, replicate SELECT statement when load balancing is disabled.
> # If false, it is only sent to the master node.
> replicate_select = false
>
> # Semicolon separated list of queries to be issued at the end of a
> # session
> reset_query_list = 'ABORT; DISCARD ALL'
> # for 8.2 or older this should be as follows.
> #reset_query_list = 'ABORT; RESET ALL; SET SESSION AUTHORIZATION DEFAULT'
>
> # If true print timestamp on each log line.
> print_timestamp = true
>
> # If true, operate in master/slave mode.
> master_slave_mode = false
>
> # If true, cache connection pool.
> connection_cache = true
>
> # Health check timeout. 0 means no timeout.
> health_check_timeout = 30
>
> # Health check period. 0 means no health check.
> health_check_period = 0
>
> # Health check user
> health_check_user = 'nobody'
>
> # Execute command by failover.
> # special values: %d = node id
> # %h = host name
> # %p = port number
> # %D = database cluster path
> # %m = new master node id
> # %M = old master node id
> # %% = '%' character
> #
> failover_command = 'echo FAILOVER: host:%h, new master id: %m, old master id:%M >> /tmp/failover.log'
>
> # Execute command by failback.
> # special values: %d = node id
> # %h = host name
> # %p = port number
> # %D = database cluster path
> # %m = new master node id
> # %M = old master node id
> # %% = '%' character
> #
> failback_command = 'echo FAILBACK: host:%h, new master id: %m, old master id:%M>> /tmp/failover.log'
>
> # If true, trigger fail over when writing to the backend communication
> # socket fails. This is the same behavior of pgpool-II 2.2.x or
> # earlier. If set to false, pgpool will report an error and disconnect
> # the session.
> fail_over_on_backend_error = true
>
> # If true, automatically locks a table with INSERT statements to keep
> # SERIAL data consistency. If the data does not have SERIAL data
> # type, no lock will be issued. An /*INSERT LOCK*/ comment has the
> # same effect. A /NO INSERT LOCK*/ comment disables the effect.
> insert_lock = true
>
> # If true, ignore leading white spaces of each query while pgpool judges
> # whether the query is a SELECT so that it can be load balanced. This
> # is useful for certain APIs such as DBI/DBD which is known to adding an
> # extra leading white space.
> ignore_leading_white_space = true
>
> # If true, print all statements to the log. Like the log_statement option
> # to PostgreSQL, this allows for observing queries without engaging in full
> # debugging.
> log_statement = false
>
> # If true, print all statements to the log. Similar to log_statement except
> # that prints DB node id and backend process id info.
> log_per_node_statement = false
>
> # If true, incoming connections will be printed to the log.
> log_connections = false
>
> # If true, hostname will be shown in ps status. Also shown in
> # connection log if log_connections = true.
> # Be warned that this feature will add overhead to look up hostname.
> log_hostname = false
>
> # if non 0, run in parallel query mode
> parallel_mode = false
>
> # if non 0, use query cache
> enable_query_cache = false
>
> #set pgpool2 hostname
> pgpool2_hostname = ''
>
> # system DB info
> system_db_hostname = 'postgres'
> system_db_port = 6543
> system_db_dbname = 'pgpool'
> system_db_schema = 'pgpool_catalog'
> system_db_user = 'postgres'
> system_db_password = ''
>
> # backend_hostname, backend_port, backend_weight
> # here are examples
> backend_hostname0 = 'postgres'
> backend_port0 = 6543
> backend_weight0 = 1
> backend_data_directory0 = '/usr/local/pgsql83/data'
>
> backend_hostname1 = 'la183'
> backend_port1 = 6543
> backend_weight1 = 1
> backend_data_directory1 = '/usr/local/pgsql83/data'
>
>
>
> #backend_hostname1 = 'host2'
> #backend_port1 = 5433
> #backend_weight1 = 1
> #backend_data_directory1 = '/data1'
>
>
> # - HBA -
>
> # If true, use pool_hba.conf for client authentication. In pgpool-II
> # 1.1, the default value is false. The default value will be true in
> # 1.2.
> enable_pool_hba = false
>
> # - online recovery -
> # online recovery user
> recovery_user = 'postgres'
>
> # online recovery password
> recovery_password = ''
>
> # execute a command in first stage.
> recovery_1st_stage_command = 'copy_base_backup'
>
> # execute a command in second stage.
> recovery_2nd_stage_command = 'pgpool_recovery_pitr'
>
> # maximum time in seconds to wait for the recovering node's postmaster
> # start-up. 0 means no wait.
> # this is also used as a timer waiting for clients disconnected before
> # starting 2nd stage
> recovery_timeout = 90
>
> # If client_idle_limit_in_recovery is n (n > 0), the client is forced
> # to be disconnected whenever after n seconds idle (even inside an
> # explicit transactions!) 0 means no disconnect. This parameter only
> # takes effect in recovery 2nd stage.
> client_idle_limit_in_recovery = 0
> plain text document attachment (postgresql.conf)
> # -----------------------------
> # PostgreSQL configuration file
> # -----------------------------
> #
> # This file consists of lines of the form:
> #
> # name = value
> #
> # (The "=" is optional.) Whitespace may be used. Comments are introduced with
> # "#" anywhere on a line. The complete list of parameter names and allowed
> # values can be found in the PostgreSQL documentation.
> #
> # The commented-out settings shown in this file represent the default values.
> # Re-commenting a setting is NOT sufficient to revert it to the default value;
> # you need to reload the server.
> #
> # This file is read on server startup and when the server receives a SIGHUP
> # signal. If you edit the file on a running system, you have to SIGHUP the
> # server for the changes to take effect, or use "pg_ctl reload". Some
> # parameters, which are marked below, require a server shutdown and restart to
> # take effect.
> #
> # Any parameter can also be given as a command-line option to the server, e.g.,
> # "postgres -c log_connections=on". Some paramters can be changed at run time
> # with the "SET" SQL command.
> #
> # Memory units: kB = kilobytes MB = megabytes GB = gigabytes
> # Time units: ms = milliseconds s = seconds min = minutes h = hours d = days
>
>
> #------------------------------------------------------------------------------
> # FILE LOCATIONS
> #------------------------------------------------------------------------------
>
> # The default values of these variables are driven from the -D command-line
> # option or PGDATA environment variable, represented here as ConfigDir.
>
> #data_directory = 'ConfigDir' # use data in another directory
> # (change requires restart)
> #hba_file = 'ConfigDir/pg_hba.conf' # host-based authentication file
> # (change requires restart)
> #ident_file = 'ConfigDir/pg_ident.conf' # ident configuration file
> # (change requires restart)
>
> # If external_pid_file is not explicitly set, no extra PID file is written.
> #external_pid_file = '(none)' # write an extra PID file
> # (change requires restart)
>
>
> #------------------------------------------------------------------------------
> # CONNECTIONS AND AUTHENTICATION
> #------------------------------------------------------------------------------
>
> # - Connection Settings -
>
> listen_addresses = '*' # what IP address(es) to listen on;
> # comma-separated list of addresses;
> # defaults to 'localhost', '*' = all
> # (change requires restart)
> port = 6543 # (change requires restart)
> max_connections = 128 # (change requires restart)
>
> # Note: Increasing max_connections costs ~400 bytes of shared memory per
> # connection slot, plus lock space (see max_locks_per_transaction). You might
> # also need to raise shared_buffers to support more connections.
> #superuser_reserved_connections = 3 # (change requires restart)
> #unix_socket_directory = '' # (change requires restart)
> #unix_socket_group = '' # (change requires restart)
> #unix_socket_permissions = 0777 # begin with 0 to use octal notation
> # (change requires restart)
> #bonjour_name = '' # defaults to the computer name
> # (change requires restart)
>
> # - Security and Authentication -
>
> #authentication_timeout = 1min # 1s-600s
> #ssl = off # (change requires restart)
> #ssl_ciphers = 'ALL:!ADH:!LOW:!EXP:!MD5:@STRENGTH' # allowed SSL ciphers
> # (change requires restart)
> #password_encryption = on
> #db_user_namespace = off
>
> # Kerberos and GSSAPI
> #krb_server_keyfile = '' # (change requires restart)
> #krb_srvname = 'postgres' # (change requires restart, Kerberos only)
> #krb_server_hostname = '' # empty string matches any keytab entry
> # (change requires restart, Kerberos only)
> #krb_caseins_users = off # (change requires restart)
> #krb_realm = '' # (change requires restart)
>
> # - TCP Keepalives -
> # see "man 7 tcp" for details
>
> #tcp_keepalives_idle = 0 # TCP_KEEPIDLE, in seconds;
> # 0 selects the system default
> #tcp_keepalives_interval = 0 # TCP_KEEPINTVL, in seconds;
> # 0 selects the system default
> #tcp_keepalives_count = 0 # TCP_KEEPCNT;
> # 0 selects the system default
>
>
> #------------------------------------------------------------------------------
> # RESOURCE USAGE (except WAL)
> #------------------------------------------------------------------------------
>
> # - Memory -
>
> shared_buffers = 24MB # min 128kB or max_connections*16kB
> # (change requires restart)
> #temp_buffers = 8MB # min 800kB
> #max_prepared_transactions = 5 # can be 0 or more
> # (change requires restart)
> # Note: Increasing max_prepared_transactions costs ~600 bytes of shared memory
> # per transaction slot, plus lock space (see max_locks_per_transaction).
> #work_mem = 1MB # min 64kB
> #maintenance_work_mem = 16MB # min 1MB
> #max_stack_depth = 2MB # min 100kB
>
> # - Free Space Map -
>
> max_fsm_pages = 153600 # min max_fsm_relations*16, 6 bytes each
> # (change requires restart)
> #max_fsm_relations = 1000 # min 100, ~70 bytes each
> # (change requires restart)
>
> # - Kernel Resource Usage -
>
> #max_files_per_process = 1000 # min 25
> # (change requires restart)
> #shared_preload_libraries = '' # (change requires restart)
>
> # - Cost-Based Vacuum Delay -
>
> #vacuum_cost_delay = 0 # 0-1000 milliseconds
> #vacuum_cost_page_hit = 1 # 0-10000 credits
> #vacuum_cost_page_miss = 10 # 0-10000 credits
> #vacuum_cost_page_dirty = 20 # 0-10000 credits
> #vacuum_cost_limit = 200 # 1-10000 credits
>
> # - Background Writer -
>
> #bgwriter_delay = 200ms # 10-10000ms between rounds
> #bgwriter_lru_maxpages = 100 # 0-1000 max buffers written/round
> #bgwriter_lru_multiplier = 2.0 # 0-10.0 multipler on buffers scanned/round
>
>
> #------------------------------------------------------------------------------
> # WRITE AHEAD LOG
> #------------------------------------------------------------------------------
>
> # - Settings -
>
> #fsync = on # turns forced synchronization on or off
> #synchronous_commit = on # immediate fsync at commit
> #wal_sync_method = fsync # the default is the first option
> # supported by the operating system:
> # open_datasync
> # fdatasync
> # fsync
> # fsync_writethrough
> # open_sync
> #full_page_writes = on # recover from partial page writes
> #wal_buffers = 64kB # min 32kB
> # (change requires restart)
> #wal_writer_delay = 200ms # 1-10000 milliseconds
>
> #commit_delay = 0 # range 0-100000, in microseconds
> #commit_siblings = 5 # range 1-1000
>
> # - Checkpoints -
>
> #checkpoint_segments = 3 # in logfile segments, min 1, 16MB each
> #checkpoint_timeout = 5min # range 30s-1h
> #checkpoint_completion_target = 0.5 # checkpoint target duration, 0.0 - 1.0
> #checkpoint_warning = 30s # 0 is off
>
> # - Archiving -
>
> archive_mode = off # allows archiving to be done
> # (change requires restart)
> archive_command = 'test ! -f /data_pg83/%f && cp -p %p /data_pg83/%f' # command to use to archive a logfile segment
> archive_timeout = 300 # force a logfile segment switch after this
> # time; 0 is off
>
>
> #------------------------------------------------------------------------------
> # QUERY TUNING
> #------------------------------------------------------------------------------
>
> # - Planner Method Configuration -
>
> #enable_bitmapscan = on
> #enable_hashagg = on
> #enable_hashjoin = on
> #enable_indexscan = on
> #enable_mergejoin = on
> #enable_nestloop = on
> #enable_seqscan = on
> #enable_sort = on
> #enable_tidscan = on
>
> # - Planner Cost Constants -
>
> #seq_page_cost = 1.0 # measured on an arbitrary scale
> #random_page_cost = 4.0 # same scale as above
> #cpu_tuple_cost = 0.01 # same scale as above
> #cpu_index_tuple_cost = 0.005 # same scale as above
> #cpu_operator_cost = 0.0025 # same scale as above
> #effective_cache_size = 128MB
>
> # - Genetic Query Optimizer -
>
> #geqo = on
> #geqo_threshold = 12
> #geqo_effort = 5 # range 1-10
> #geqo_pool_size = 0 # selects default based on effort
> #geqo_generations = 0 # selects default based on effort
> #geqo_selection_bias = 2.0 # range 1.5-2.0
>
> # - Other Planner Options -
>
> #default_statistics_target = 10 # range 1-1000
> #constraint_exclusion = off
> #from_collapse_limit = 8
> #join_collapse_limit = 8 # 1 disables collapsing of explicit
> # JOIN clauses
>
>
> #------------------------------------------------------------------------------
> # ERROR REPORTING AND LOGGING
> #------------------------------------------------------------------------------
>
> # - Where to Log -
>
> #log_destination = 'stderr' # Valid values are combinations of
> # stderr, csvlog, syslog and eventlog,
> # depending on platform. csvlog
> # requires logging_collector to be on.
>
> # This is used when logging to stderr:
> #logging_collector = off # Enable capturing of stderr and csvlog
> # into log files. Required to be on for
> # csvlogs.
> # (change requires restart)
>
> # These are only used if logging_collector is on:
> #log_directory = 'pg_log' # directory where log files are written,
> # can be absolute or relative to PGDATA
> #log_filename = 'postgresql-%Y-%m-%d_%H%M%S.log' # log file name pattern,
> # can include strftime() escapes
> #log_truncate_on_rotation = off # If on, an existing log file of the
> # same name as the new log file will be
> # truncated rather than appended to.
> # But such truncation only occurs on
> # time-driven rotation, not on restarts
> # or size-driven rotation. Default is
> # off, meaning append to existing files
> # in all cases.
> #log_rotation_age = 1d # Automatic rotation of logfiles will
> # happen after that time. 0 to disable.
> #log_rotation_size = 10MB # Automatic rotation of logfiles will
> # happen after that much log output.
> # 0 to disable.
>
> # These are relevant when logging to syslog:
> #syslog_facility = 'LOCAL0'
> #syslog_ident = 'postgres'
>
>
> # - When to Log -
>
> #client_min_messages = notice # values in order of decreasing detail:
> # debug5
> # debug4
> # debug3
> # debug2
> # debug1
> # log
> # notice
> # warning
> # error
>
> #log_min_messages = notice # values in order of decreasing detail:
> # debug5
> # debug4
> # debug3
> # debug2
> # debug1
> # info
> # notice
> # warning
> # error
> # log
> # fatal
> # panic
>
> #log_error_verbosity = default # terse, default, or verbose messages
>
> #log_min_error_statement = error # values in order of decreasing detail:
> # debug5
> # debug4
> # debug3
> # debug2
> # debug1
> # info
> # notice
> # warning
> # error
> # log
> # fatal
> # panic (effectively off)
>
> #log_min_duration_statement = -1 # -1 is disabled, 0 logs all statements
> # and their durations, > 0 logs only
> # statements running at least this time.
>
> #silent_mode = off # DO NOT USE without syslog or
> # logging_collector
> # (change requires restart)
>
> # - What to Log -
>
> #debug_print_parse = off
> #debug_print_rewritten = off
> #debug_print_plan = off
> #debug_pretty_print = off
> #log_checkpoints = off
> #log_connections = off
> #log_disconnections = off
> #log_duration = off
> #log_hostname = off
> #log_line_prefix = '' # special values:
> # %u = user name
> # %d = database name
> # %r = remote host and port
> # %h = remote host
> # %p = process ID
> # %t = timestamp without milliseconds
> # %m = timestamp with milliseconds
> # %i = command tag
> # %c = session ID
> # %l = session line number
> # %s = session start timestamp
> # %v = virtual transaction ID
> # %x = transaction ID (0 if none)
> # %q = stop here in non-session
> # processes
> # %% = '%'
> # e.g. '<%u%%%d> '
> #log_lock_waits = off # log lock waits >= deadlock_timeout
> #log_statement = 'none' # none, ddl, mod, all
> #log_temp_files = -1 # log temporary files equal or larger
> # than specified size;
> # -1 disables, 0 logs all temp files
> #log_timezone = unknown # actually, defaults to TZ environment
> # setting
>
>
> #------------------------------------------------------------------------------
> # RUNTIME STATISTICS
> #------------------------------------------------------------------------------
>
> # - Query/Index Statistics Collector -
>
> #track_activities = on
> #track_counts = on
> #update_process_title = on
>
>
> # - Statistics Monitoring -
>
> #log_parser_stats = off
> #log_planner_stats = off
> #log_executor_stats = off
> #log_statement_stats = off
>
>
> #------------------------------------------------------------------------------
> # AUTOVACUUM PARAMETERS
> #------------------------------------------------------------------------------
>
> #autovacuum = on # Enable autovacuum subprocess? 'on'
> # requires track_counts to also be on.
> #log_autovacuum_min_duration = -1 # -1 disables, 0 logs all actions and
> # their durations, > 0 logs only
> # actions running at least that time.
> #autovacuum_max_workers = 3 # max number of autovacuum subprocesses
> #autovacuum_naptime = 1min # time between autovacuum runs
> #autovacuum_vacuum_threshold = 50 # min number of row updates before
> # vacuum
> #autovacuum_analyze_threshold = 50 # min number of row updates before
> # analyze
> #autovacuum_vacuum_scale_factor = 0.2 # fraction of table size before vacuum
> #autovacuum_analyze_scale_factor = 0.1 # fraction of table size before analyze
> #autovacuum_freeze_max_age = 200000000 # maximum XID age before forced vacuum
> # (change requires restart)
> #autovacuum_vacuum_cost_delay = 20 # default vacuum cost delay for
> # autovacuum, -1 means use
> # vacuum_cost_delay
> #autovacuum_vacuum_cost_limit = -1 # default vacuum cost limit for
> # autovacuum, -1 means use
> # vacuum_cost_limit
>
>
> #------------------------------------------------------------------------------
> # CLIENT CONNECTION DEFAULTS
> #------------------------------------------------------------------------------
>
> # - Statement Behavior -
>
> #search_path = '"$user",public' # schema names
> #default_tablespace = '' # a tablespace name, '' uses the default
> #temp_tablespaces = '' # a list of tablespace names, '' uses
> # only default tablespace
> #check_function_bodies = on
> #default_transaction_isolation = 'read committed'
> #default_transaction_read_only = off
> #session_replication_role = 'origin'
> #statement_timeout = 0 # 0 is disabled
> #vacuum_freeze_min_age = 100000000
> #xmlbinary = 'base64'
> #xmloption = 'content'
>
> # - Locale and Formatting -
>
> datestyle = 'iso, mdy'
> #timezone = unknown # actually, defaults to TZ environment
> # setting
> #timezone_abbreviations = 'Default' # Select the set of available time zone
> # abbreviations. Currently, there are
> # Default
> # Australia
> # India
> # You can create your own file in
> # share/timezonesets/.
> #extra_float_digits = 0 # min -15, max 2
> #client_encoding = sql_ascii # actually, defaults to database
> # encoding
>
> # These settings are initialized by initdb, but they can be changed.
> lc_messages = 'C' # locale for system error message
> # strings
> lc_monetary = 'C' # locale for monetary formatting
> lc_numeric = 'C' # locale for number formatting
> lc_time = 'C' # locale for time formatting
>
> # default configuration for text search
> default_text_search_config = 'pg_catalog.english'
>
> # - Other Defaults -
>
> #explain_pretty_print = on
> dynamic_library_path = '$libdir'
> #local_preload_libraries = ''
>
>
> #------------------------------------------------------------------------------
> # LOCK MANAGEMENT
> #------------------------------------------------------------------------------
>
> #deadlock_timeout = 1s
> #max_locks_per_transaction = 64 # min 10
> # (change requires restart)
> # Note: Each lock table slot uses ~270 bytes of shared memory, and there are
> # max_locks_per_transaction * (max_connections + max_prepared_transactions)
> # lock table slots.
>
>
> #------------------------------------------------------------------------------
> # VERSION/PLATFORM COMPATIBILITY
> #------------------------------------------------------------------------------
>
> # - Previous PostgreSQL Versions -
>
> add_missing_from = on
>
> #array_nulls = on
> #backslash_quote = safe_encoding # on, off, or safe_encoding
> #default_with_oids = off
> #escape_string_warning = on
> #regex_flavor = advanced # advanced, extended, or basic
> #sql_inheritance = on
> #standard_conforming_strings = off
> #synchronize_seqscans = on
>
> # - Other Platforms and Clients -
>
> #transform_null_equals = off
>
>
> #------------------------------------------------------------------------------
> # CUSTOMIZED OPTIONS
> #------------------------------------------------------------------------------
>
> #custom_variable_classes = '' # list of custom variable class names
> plain text document attachment (S90pgsql83)
> rm -f /tmp/.s.PGSQL.*
> rm /usr/local/pgsql83/data/postmaster.pid
> sleep 1
> su - postgres -c "/usr/local/pgsql83/bin/postmaster -i \
> -N 100 -B 256 -D /usr/local/pgsql83/data" &
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